The mission of the Financial Institutions Regulation Branch (FIRB) is to provide regulatory oversight to the insurance sector, credit unions and caisses populaires and trust and loan companies operating in Manitoba, and ensuring adequate standards are maintained to protect the public.

The Financial Institutions Regulation Branch was established in April 2000 through the amalgamation of two branches under the Department of Consumers and Corporate Affairs: the Insurance Branch and the Trust, Cooperatives and Credit Union Regulation Branch. Since August 2000, FIRB has been part of various departments due to government restructuring, and as of October 2012, FIRB was merged into the Manitoba Financial Services Agency (MFSA). FIRB is responsible for administering The Insurance Act, The Credit Unions and Caisses Populaires Act and Part XXlV of The Corporations Act.

On May 1, 2020, administration of the Cooperatives Registry was transferred from FIRB to the Companies Office (Manitoba Finance). Under The Cooperatives Act FIRB continues to remain responsible for the review of securities offerings and housing cooperative appeals.